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KMID : 0364320140390030001
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Journal of East-West Medicine
2014 Volume.39 No. 3 p.1 ~ p.8
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Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Drug Addiction in Rats
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Jun So-Jeong
Chang Su-Chan
Gwak Young-Seob
Kim Hee-Young
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Abstract
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Objective: In short review, we briefly summarize the relationship between methamphetamine (or amphetamine) and ultrasonic vocalizations (USV s) and how USV s differ depending on the amount of cocaine and amphetamine on rats.
Materials and Methods: 1. We reviewed several articles concerning the effects of methamphetamine, cocaine, and amphetamine on rats`` ultrasonic vocalizations. 2. Included the picture of a machine that measures ultrasonic vocalizations for a better understanding.
Results: Animals that self-administered methamphetamine mostly released short 22 kHz and predominantly emitted flats and non-trill frequencies of 50kHz. During cocaine self-administration, high-dose (0.71mg/kg/infusion) and low dose (O.355mg/kg/infusion) groups primarily exhibited 50 kHz and 22 kHz USVs, respectively. Also, the results from amphetamine studies show that repeated injection of amphetamine significantly increases the number of 50 kHz emissions.
Conclusion: The results provide evidence that rats emit short 22kHz USVs in aversive situations and 50kHz USVs in affective conditions when self-administering methamphetamine and cocaine, which demonstrates rats`` affinity towards these drugs and a useful tool in addiction studies. Although there are few experimental studies regarding utilization of rat USVs in treatment of drug addiction with the Oriental medicine, rat USVs may be used as an objective measuring tool to evaluate the effects of Oriental medicine on addictive behaviors.
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KEYWORD
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ultrasonic vocalizations, methamphetamine, cocaine, amphetamine, addiction, Oriental medicine
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